Walxaha naylonsi weyn ayaa loo isticmaalaa, sharabaadyo yar ilaa naylon, waaweyn ilaa qaybaha mashiinka baabuurta, iwm, ayaa daboolay dhammaan dhinacyada nolosheena.Meelaha kala duwan ee codsiyada, shuruudaha alaabta naylon sidoo kale way kala duwan yihiin, sida caabbinta heerkulka sare, xirashada caabbinta iyo saameynta saameynta, caabbinta kiimikada kiimikada, daahfurnaanta iyo adkeysiga.
Naylon caadiga ah, guud ahaan waxaa loola jeedaa PA6, PA66 laba nooc oo caan ah.Naylon-ka caadiga ah ee la xoojiyey, ololka retardant iyo wax ka beddelka kale ayaa weli yeelan doona cillado waaweyn, sida biyo-bax xoog leh, iska caabin heerkul sarreeya, daahfurnaan liidata iyo wixii la mid ah, xaddidaya codsiyo badan.
Sidaa darteed, si loo hagaajiyo cilladaha loona kordhiyo sifooyin cusub, guud ahaan marka la soo bandhigo monomers cusub, waxaan heli karnaa taxane gaar ah oo naylon ah oo leh astaamo kala duwan oo la kulmi kara munaasabado kala duwan oo isticmaalka, inta badan loo qaybiyaynaylon heerkulka sare, Naylon silsilad kaarboon dheer, naylon hufan, alaabta bio-ku salaysan naylon iyo elastomer naylon iyo wixii la mid ah.
Ka dib, aan ka hadalno qaybaha naylon gaarka ah, sifooyinka iyo codsiyada.
Kala soocidda iyo tusaalooyinka codsiga eenaylon gaar ah
1. Iska caabin heerkul sare -- naylon heerkul sare
Ugu horrayn, naylon heerkulkiisu sarreeyo waxaa loola jeedaa agabka nylon oo loo isticmaali karo deegaan ka sarreeya 150 ° C muddo dheer.
Iska caabinta heerkulka sare ee naylon heerkul sare ayaa guud ahaan lagu helaa iyadoo la soo bandhigayo monomers caraf udgoon adag.Tusaale ahaan, naylon oo dhan-aromatic, ugu caadiga ah waa DuPont's Kevlar, kaas oo loo diyaariyey by falcelinta p-benzoyl chloride leh p-phenylenediamine ama p-amino-benzoic acid, loo yaqaan PPTA, waxay ilaalin kartaa xoog wanaagsan at 280 °. C ilaa 200 saacadood.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sare udgoonka oo dhannaylon heerkulkama fiicna in la farsameeyo oo ay adagtahay in la gaaro qaabaynta cirbadeynta, sidaas darteed naylon heerkul-sare ah oo udgoon leh oo ay weheliso aliphatic iyo caraf udgoon ayaa aad loo jecel yahay.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, inta badan noocyada naylon heerkulkiisu sarreeyo, sida PA4T, PA6T, PA9T, PA10T, iwm, waa naylon heerkul-sare ah oo nus-carafo ah oo laga sameeyay silsilad toosan aliphatic diamine iyo terephthalic acid.
Naylon heerkul sare ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa qaybaha baabuurta, qaybaha farsamada iyo qaybaha korantada / elektiroonigga ah.
2. Adag sare - naylon silsilad dheer oo kaarboon ah
Midda labaad waa naylon silsilad dheer oo kaarboon ah, taas oo guud ahaan tixraacaysa agabka naylon oo leh in ka badan 10 methylenes ee silsiladda kelli.
Dhinaca kale, naylon silsilad dheer oo kaarboon ah ayaa leh kooxo badan oo methylene ah, sidaas darteed waxay leedahay adayg sare iyo jilicsanaan.Dhanka kale, hoos u dhigista cufnaanta kooxaha amide ee silsiladda molecular waxay si weyn u yaraynaysaa hydrophilicity waxayna wanaajisaa xasilloonida cabbirkeeda, iyo noocyadeeda PA11, PA12, PA610, PA1010, PA1212 iyo wixii la mid ah.
Sida noocyo kala duwan oo muhiim ah oo balaastikada injineernimada ah, silsilad dheer oo naylon ah ayaa leh faa'iidooyinka nuugista biyaha hooseeya, caabbinta heerkulka hooseeya ee wanaagsan, cabbirka xasilloon, adkaanta wanaagsan, nuugista naxdinta u adkaysata, iwm, waxaana si ballaaran loo isticmaalaa baabuurta, isgaarsiinta, mashiinnada Qalabka elektaroonigga ah, hawada sare, alaabta ciyaaraha iyo meelo kale.
3. Hufnaan sare - naylon hufan
Naylon-ka caadiga ah badanaa waa muuqaal hufan, gudbinta iftiinka u dhaxaysa 50% iyo 80%, iyo gudbinta nalka daah-furnaanta ayaa guud ahaan ka badan 90%.
Nayloon daah-furnaan ah waxa lagu beddeli karaa hab jidheed iyo kiimiko.Habka jireed waa in lagu daro wakiilka nuclei-ka oo la dhimo cabbirkeeda hadhuudhka ilaa baaxadda hirarka dhererka ee muuqda si loo helo naylon hufan.Habka kiimikaad waa in la soo bandhigo monomer ka kooban koox dhinac ah ama qaab dhismeedka giraanta, la burburiyo joogtaynta silsiladda kelli, oo la helo nayloon hufan.
Naylon hufan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa cabitaanka iyo baakadaha cuntada, laakiin sidoo kale waxay soo saari kartaa qalabka indhaha iyo qaybaha kombuyuutarka, wax soo saarka warshadaha ee la socodka Windows, daaqadaha qalabka raajada, qalabka cabbiraadda, kaydinta koobiyeerka korantada, daboolka nalalka gaarka ah, maacuunta iyo weelasha xidhiidhka cuntada. .
4. Joogteynta - Bio-ku salaysanAlaabta nylon
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, inta badan monomers-synthetic ee noocyada naylon waxay ka yimaadaan waddada sifaynta batroolka, iyo monomer-ka synthetic ee alaabta naylon-ku-salaysan waxay ka timid waddada soo saarista alaabta ceeriin, sida Arkema iyada oo loo marayo waddada soo saarista saliidda castor si loo helo amino undecanoic Acid ka dibna naylon synthetic 11.
Marka la barbar dhigo alaabta naylon-ku-saleysan dhaqameed, naylon-ku-saleysan-ku-saleysan ma aha oo kaliya inuu leeyahay faa'iidooyin-kaarboon-hooseeya iyo deegaanka, laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu dabooli karaa baahiyaha waxqabad ee kala duwan ee xalka, sida taxanaha PA5X ee Shandong Kaisai bio-based, Arkema Taxanaha Rilsan ee qaybaha baabuurta, qalabka elektaroonigga ah iyo warshadaha daabacaadda 3D iyo dhinacyo kale ayaa si guul leh loo dabaqay.
5.Laastikada sare -- elastomer naylon
Nylon elastomerWaxaa loola jeedaa noocyo naylon ah oo leh adkeysi sare, miisaan fudud iyo sifooyin kale, laakiin waxaa habboon in la sheego in isku-dhafka silsiladda kelli ee naylon elastomer uusan ahayn dhammaan qaybaha silsiladaha polyamide, iyo qaybaha silsiladaha polyeter ama polyester-ka, noocyada ganacsiga ugu caansan waa polyether block amide (PEBA).
Astaamaha waxqabadka PEBA waa xoog xoog badan, soo kabasho laastiig ah oo wanaagsan, xoogga saamaynta heerkulka hooseeya, iska caabinta heerkulka hooseeya, waxqabadka antistatic aad u fiican, iwm, kaas oo loo isticmaalo kabaha buuraha, kabaha ski, qalabka aamusinta iyo tuubooyinka caafimaadka.
Waqtiga boostada: Dec-27-2023